Looking to expand your knowledge of digital accessibility and learn quick strategies that you can easily integrate into your workflow? CATL’s blog post series on digital accessibility catalogues some helpful tips and tricks we’ve shared in our Teach Tuesday e-newsletter!
In this tip, we’ll discuss how to create accessible lists.
Lists are an incredibly useful tool for making a series of items or steps more readable, whether it be with an unordered (bulleted) or ordered (numbered) list. For sighted users, there are a number of ways to manually create lists, but did you know that screen readers rely on special HTML tags to read lists correctly? Because of this, it is important to use the built-in list tool in Canvas, Microsoft Word, and other text editors, rather than manually typing numbers or dashes. Using the list button will apply the appropriate HTML tags to your list, ensuring that they are compatible with screen readers and other assistive devices. To learn more about this concept and see examples, visit the WebAIM guide on lists.
Looking for More Tips?
Explore even more quick tips in our Digital Accessibility Tips post, where you’ll find a growing list of strategies to help make your course materials more accessible.
Further Accessibility Training
Ready to dive deeper into digital accessibility? Essentials of Accessibility for Faculty and Staff is a free, self-paced, online course that will teach you the basics of digital accessibility and accessibility best practices for several key applications that UW-Green Bay employees may use in their daily work. We encourage you to self-enroll in the course to learn practical approaches for remediating digital accessibility issues in a variety of use cases and applications.
Connect with CATL
You are not alone in your accessibility journey! While CATL cannot advise on the legal specifications of Title II, instructors are always welcome to schedule a consultation with us or stop by our office (CL 405) to discuss the accessibility of your teaching materials.
Digital accessibility standards provide guidelines for creating content, tools, and technology that anyone can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with, regardless of ability. Users with certain disabilities may rely on assistive technologies, such as screen readers or speech-to-text tools, to interact with digital content. To work properly though, these assistive tools require digital content to meet certain technical accessibility standards. When digital content does not meet these standards, it creates a barrier to information and can negatively impact a person’s daily life.
Adopting digital accessibility best practices not only supports users with disabilities and those who rely on assistive technologies, but it also increases usability for all users. For example, using clear headings and descriptive link text in a document enhances comprehension for everyone.
What are the Legal Requirements for Digital Accessibility at UWGB?
In 2024, the Department of Justice published their final rule for Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). This update defined Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Version 2.1, Level AA as the technical standard for the accessibility of web content and mobile apps. Public universities are required to meet these accessibility standards by Spring 2026. This includes not only university public websites and mobile apps, but also digital courses materials.
At UW-Green Bay, accessibility isn’t just a legal obligation. It’s a shared commitment to equity, innovation, and inclusive learning. Meeting these standards may involve some changes to how we design and share content, but they can be implemented in manageable steps, and CATL is here to support you throughout the process.
CATL regularly shares tips in our Teach Tuesday e-newsletter on how you can make accessible design a regular part of your workflow. This page brings those tips together so you can revisit them anytime or catch up on anything you’ve missed. Each tip includes practical, actionable steps to make your digital materials more accessible.
Ready to dive deeper into digital accessibility? Essentials of Accessibility for Faculty and Staff is a free, self-paced, online course that will teach you the basics of digital accessibility and accessibility best practices for several key applications that UW-Green Bay employees may use in their daily work. We encourage you to self-enroll in the course to learn practical approaches for remediating digital accessibility issues in a variety of use cases and applications.
Connect with CATL
You are not alone in your accessibility journey! While CATL cannot advise on the legal specifications of Title II, instructors are always welcome to schedule a consultation with us or stop by our office (CL 405) to discuss the accessibility of your teaching materials.
Looking to expand your knowledge of digital accessibility and learn quick strategies that you can easily integrate into your workflow? CATL’s blog post series on digital accessibility catalogues some helpful tips and tricks we’ve shared in our Teach Tuesday e-newsletter!
In this tip, we’ll discuss the digital accessibility of a scanned PDF and how to tell if it has been run through an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) scan, a process which converts images of text into selectable, readable content for screen readers.
What is a Scanned PDF and How to Tell if Your PDF Has Been OCR Scanned?
A scanned PDF is typically created by taking a photo or scan of a printed page. What you end up with is essentially an image of text, not actual text. This means screen readers and other assistive technologies cannot interpret the content.
To determine if your PDF has been processed with Optical Character Recognition (OCR), try selecting or highlighting the text in the document. If you can click and drag your cursor to highlight individual words or sentences, the file likely has OCR. If not, the text/content is just an image and can’t be read by assistive tools.
Conducting an OCR Scan: Video Guide
Watch the video below to learn more about how to check your PDFs documents and run an OCR scan on a PDF in Adobe Acrobat in about 2 minutes!
It is important to acknowledge that OCR scanning is not perfect and can misinterpret characters, especially if the scan is blurry, the lighting is uneven, or the original print is faded or handwritten. It’s important to always review the OCR output and correct any errors in Adobe Acrobat before sharing the document with students. UWGB Staff and faculty have access to Adobe Acrobat through Creative Cloud.
Please also note that OCR should not be used for larger scanned works that may infringe copyright. If in doubt, it is better to find a web alternative or an accessible online version through our library’s online databases.
Looking for More Tips?
Explore even more quick tips in our Digital Accessibility Tips post, where you’ll find a growing list of strategies to help make your course materials more accessible.
Further Accessibility Training
Ready to dive deeper into digital accessibility? Essentials of Accessibility for Faculty and Staff is a free, self-paced, online course that will teach you the basics of digital accessibility and accessibility best practices for several key applications that UW-Green Bay employees may use in their daily work. We encourage you to self-enroll in the course to learn practical approaches for remediating digital accessibility issues in a variety of use cases and applications.
Connect with CATL
You are not alone in your accessibility journey! While CATL cannot advise on the legal specifications of Title II, instructors are always welcome to schedule a consultation with us or stop by our office (CL 405) to discuss the accessibility of your teaching materials.
Roshelle Amundson, Applied Writing and English Department
About the Professor
Roshelle Amundson has been teaching at UW-Green Bay since 2019. Amundson has also been an adjunct professor and a Dean of Faculty in Minneapolis, MN. She holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Goddard College and a BA in Professional Communications from Metropolitan State University.
Assignment Title
Positively Awful Visual “Non-Aid”
Strategy
Students learn how to create appropriate visual aids for rhetorical success and develop speaker ethos by executing the opposite of the objectives of these important speaking tools.
Description
This low-pressure assignment given early in the semester is implemented primarily for student engagement and retention. A “break all of the rules” assessment is a refreshing change from read/watch/mirror/apply with the expectation that students are held to the standards of the ideal. Several semesters into this approach, students continue to report how much fun they have with the assignment, and early in the semester in an asynchronous course, that is a win. This assignment is especially impactful in Lower Level, Gen Eds, or other courses when students often have performance/content/expectations anxiety. Students are asked to reflect on an assignment and its learning outcomes, and then based on what they’ve learned, apply the exact opposite.
Modality and Context
This activity is created for asynchronous classes but could be used in any modality. The task is specific to a Communications class creating visual aids to scaffold a persuasive speech. However, many courses use visual aids, so this activity can be replicated for that purpose. Further, the “break all of the rules” spirit could be applied across disciplines and assessment types. Amundson employs this “do it wrong” strategy in her literature and writing classes as well.
Purpose
This low-stakes assignment is designed to teach learning outcomes by flipping the script of what is right or correct. Professor Amundson teaches multiple learning objectives by giving students permission to create the worst possible visual aids given the learning objectives.
Here is the purpose as written into the assignment for the course:
We now have an initial understanding of the salience of speaker Ethos, and we understand the numerous facets to establish it. As we’ve discussed, visual aids are one of those factors. The goal here is to apply what not to do as that becomes its own form of muscle memory. My hope is that having the chance to do an absurd assignment to meet course objectives is a refreshing change from a standard “make a formal PowerPoint” — which you’ll have plenty of opportunity to do throughout the term. The worse these are — the better!
Assignment Details
Positively Awful Visual Non-aid
This is an assignment for Professor Amundson’s Communication 133 course. The learning objectives for this assignment are:
Enhance Audience Understanding: Simplify complex information, making key points easier to grasp through visuals like charts, graphs, or images.
Increase Engagement: Capture and maintain the audience’s attention, making the presentation more dynamic and interactive.
Support Key Messages: Reinforce the speaker’s main ideas, ensuring they are clearly communicated and memorable.
Improve Retention: Help the audience retain information by pairing visuals with the spoken message for better recall.
Promote Clarity and Simplicity: Use visuals to clarify difficult concepts and make the presentation more accessible and understandable.
Students are asked not to meet any of these learning objectives; rather, they are to try to decrease rather than increase Speaker Ethos on a “mopic”- (mock topic). Students create poor visual aids, post them to a discussion board, and discuss which is the worst. See a partial example of a Power Point presentation below from a student discussing the rising cost of avocados.
Partial example from a student’s PowerPoint presentation for this assignment
Applying This Strategy to Your Courses
Many courses use presentation activities as a part of the curriculum and often students need some instruction in good presentation skills before such assignments. This kind of activity could easily be included in those lessons. In addition, Professor Amundson also shared, “While this strategy may not work for every course, the idea of breaking out of the standard approach of read/watch/mirror/apply is refreshing for students and for me as the instructor. I think when we are willing to take risks and let go a bit, we can increase the enjoyment of the learning experience for our students.”
Are you ready to learn how to make your digital images, videos, documents, and course files accessible? Essentials of Accessibility for Faculty and Staff is a free, self-paced, online course that will teach you the basics of digital accessibility and accessibility best practices for several key applications that UW-Green Bay employees may use in their daily work.
The training covers:
Compliance with accepted standards for digital accessibility in higher education.
Common accessibility issues in digital or web-based content and how to address them.
Technical steps and processes for creating accessible images, videos, documents (Microsoft Word and PDF), slides (Microsoft PowerPoint), spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel), and Canvas courses.
Practical approaches for remediating digital accessibility issues in a variety of use cases.
Prerequisites: None
When: The course is open to all UWGB employees for self-enrollment. The course will remain open indefinitely, and there is no deadline for completion.
Essentials of Accessibility for Faculty and Staff is an online, self-paced training course administered through Canvas. The course structure is flexible, permitting you to choose your own learning path. Once you finish the intro module, you can complete any of the application-specific modules or just use the course as an ongoing resource. Participants will not be obligated to complete all modules and may participate at whichever level fits their interest and capacity.
Badges
Participants will earn a digital badge for completing each of the eight main modules, and a special additional badge if they choose to complete the whole course! You can include digital badges in your email signature or embed them in online portfolios or resumes as evidence of your commitment to professional development.